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be consumed with

英 /biː kənˈsjuːmd wɪð/美 /bi kənˈsumd wɪð/

v. 动词(固定搭配)

被…占据;充满(情感);沉迷于

词义说明

该搭配的本义为“被(某物)消耗”,指时间、精力等被耗尽。引申义为“被(某种情绪或念头)占据”,指某人内心被强烈的感受或想法完全支配,如“be consumed with jealousy”(充满嫉妒)。进一步引申为“沉迷于”,强调对某事物的专注达到忘我程度,如“be consumed with work”(沉迷工作)。各义项的共同逻辑是“被某物吞噬”,从物理消耗到精神占据,再到行为上的沉迷。

词源解析

consume源自拉丁语consumere,由con-(完全)和sumere(拿取)组成,意为“彻底拿走”。-ed为过去分词形式,构成被动语态。记忆时可联想“被完全拿走”,即“被消耗”或“被占据”。

适用语境

该搭配常见于文学作品和日常口语,用于描述人物的心理状态,如“She was consumed with grief”(她悲痛欲绝)。在新闻报道中,可用于描述社会情绪,如“The community was consumed with anger”(社区充满愤怒)。在学术写作中较少使用,但在心理学或社会学文本中可能出现。语气上,文学作品和口语中更为生动,新闻报道中则强调情绪的普遍性。

语法说明

该搭配为被动结构,主语为人或群体,后接with+名词(情绪或想法)。常见句型为“be consumed with + n.”。易错点:介词误用为by,但by通常接施动者,如“consumed by fire”(被火吞噬),而with接情绪。另外,该搭配不用于进行时(不说“being consumed with”),因为表示状态而非动作。

相似词辨析

与be filled with相比,be consumed with程度更深,强调完全占据,而be filled with仅表示充满。与be obsessed with相比,be consumed with更强调情绪或念头的吞噬性,而obsessed with更侧重于反复想、无法摆脱,有时带贬义。与be preoccupied with相比,be consumed with更强烈,preoccupied with只是分心或专注。

易错提醒

该搭配语域中性,但多用于书面或正式口语,日常对话中较少使用。褒贬色彩取决于所接情绪,如“be consumed with love”为褒义,“be consumed with hatred”为贬义。常见误用:将with换成by,或误用为主动语态(如“I consumed with anger”),正确应为“I was consumed with anger”。

高频搭配

  • be consumed with anger
  • be consumed with grief
  • be consumed with guilt
  • be consumed with jealousy
  • be consumed with passion
  • be consumed with curiosity
  • be consumed with doubt

双语例句

  1. He was consumed with jealousy when he saw his ex-girlfriend with another man.当他看到前女友和另一个男人在一起时,他被嫉妒吞没了。
  2. The entire team was consumed with excitement after winning the championship.赢得冠军后,整个团队沉浸在兴奋之中。
  3. She was consumed with guilt for not visiting her grandmother before she died.她因祖母去世前未能探望而深感内疚。
  4. The novelist was consumed with the idea of writing a masterpiece, often forgetting to eat.那位小说家一心想着写出杰作,常常忘记吃饭。
  5. The city was consumed with panic after the earthquake warning.地震预警后,这座城市充满了恐慌。