bowing 是 bow 的现在分词形式,其核心含义围绕“弯曲”这一物理动作展开。本义指身体前倾以表示尊敬、感谢或服从,如鞠躬(bowing to the audience)。引申义为“弯曲”本身,指物体因外力而弯折(如树枝 bowing under snow)。进一步引申为“屈服”、“低头”,表示在压力或权威下让步(如 bowing to pressure)。在航海领域,bowing 指船首(bow)的相关动作,如 bowing into the waves(船首破浪)。此外,在音乐中,bowing 指用弓拉弦乐器的动作(如 violin bowing)。这些义项均从“弯曲”或“前倾”的本义延伸而来。
bowing 在多个场景中使用。日常口语中,常指鞠躬动作,如“He was bowing to the guests.”(他向客人鞠躬。)语气中性。文学作品中,常用于描写人物动作或自然景象,如“The trees were bowing in the wind.”(树木在风中弯曲。)带有一点拟人色彩。新闻报道中,常见于政治或体育场合,如“The team is bowing out of the competition.”(该队正退出比赛。)表示退出或认输。学术写作中,可能用于描述物理弯曲或音乐演奏技法,如“The bowing technique in string instruments is crucial.”(弦乐器中的运弓技巧至关重要。)语气正式。商务邮件中较少使用,但可能出现于正式道歉或让步的语境,如“We are bowing to the client's demands.”(我们正屈从于客户的要求。)法律文本中极为罕见,除非涉及“bowing to precedent”之类的表述。
语法说明
bowing 作为动词 bow 的现在分词,可用作进行时态(如“She is bowing to the audience.”),也可用作形容词(如“a bowing figure”),或作名词(如“the bowing of the head”)。bow 可作及物动词(如“bow one's head”)和不及物动词(如“bow to someone”)。常见句型:bow to + 人/事(屈服于),bow down(鞠躬),bow out(退出)。易错点:不要与 bough(大树枝)混淆,拼写和发音相近但意义不同。另外,bowing 在音乐语境中特指运弓,与 bowing(鞠躬)虽同形,但需根据上下文区分。
相似词辨析
bowing 与几个近义词有细微差别。bending 侧重物理弯曲,不涉及敬意或屈服,如“bending the wire”。curving 强调弧线形状,如“a curving road”。stopping 指弯腰,但通常因身体需要而非礼貌,如“stopping to pick up something”。yielding 更正式,指放弃抵抗,如“yielding to pressure”。submitting 强调顺从权威,如“submitting to the rules”。bowing 则特指身体前倾的动作,或象征性地表示敬意或屈服。选择时,若强调动作,用 bowing;若强调状态,用 bending;若强调放弃抵抗,用 yielding。
易错提醒
bowing 的语域中等偏正式,日常口语可用,但更常见于书面语或正式场合。其褒贬色彩取决于语境:bowing to the audience 是礼貌的,bowing to pressure 则含贬义,暗示软弱。常见误用包括:将 bowing 与 boughing(不存在)混淆,或误将 bowing 用于“弯曲”的物理意义时忽略其敬意或屈服的内涵。在音乐语境中,bowing 指运弓技术,与鞠躬无关,使用时需注意上下文。此外,bowing 的过去式 bowed 易与 bode(预示)混淆,但发音不同。
高频搭配
bowing to pressure
bowing down
bowing out
bowing head
bowing technique
bowing to the audience
bowing under weight
bowing into the waves
双语例句
He was bowing to the audience after his performance.他在表演结束后向观众鞠躬。
The branches were bowing under the weight of the snow.树枝被雪压弯了。
She is bowing to the inevitable and accepting the job offer.她正屈从于不可避免的事实,接受了这份工作。
The ship was bowing into the rough sea.船首迎着汹涌的海浪前进。
The violinist's bowing technique is exceptional.这位小提琴家的运弓技巧非常出色。
The company is bowing out of the deal after the scandal.丑闻发生后,该公司正退出这笔交易。